新生儿无乳链球菌感染的危险因素及药敏分析

摘要

目的：分析新生儿感染无乳链球菌的危险因素及药物敏感性，为预防和治疗新生儿无乳链球菌感染提供依据。方法收集2013年1～12月1200份临床送检的新生儿血液、胃液、脓液标本，以及相应母体泌尿生殖道标本进行细菌培养与药敏试验，并回顾性分析患儿疾病类型、母体感染状况、分娩方式、孕晚期用药情况、新生儿死亡情况等临床资料。结果共80例新生儿感染无乳链球菌，其中败血症、脐炎、早产、宫内感染、吸入性肺炎患儿分别占8．75％、10．00％、15．00％、22．50％、43．75％；其母体生殖道标本无乳链球菌阳性率达51．25％，且细菌药敏结果与患儿一致；患儿以自然分娩为主，共71例（88．75％），仅9例（11．25％）为剖宫产。80株无乳链球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、青霉素和头孢曲松的敏感率均为100．00％，对红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星的耐药率较高，分别为77．50％、57．50％、33．75％。结论母体带菌与分娩方式可能是新生儿无乳链球菌感染的重要危险因素，产科医生应重视对围产期孕妇无乳链球菌的常规筛查，实验室应提高对无乳链球菌的检测能力并及时提供药敏检测结果，为临床合理用药提供重要依据。%Objective To analyze the related risk factors of neonatal Streptococcus agalactiae infection and sensitivity of antibac‐terials ,in order to provide for provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of neonatal infection .Methods A total of 1 200 neonatal blood ,gastric juice ,pus specimens ,and maternal reproductive tract specimens were collected from Jan .2013 to Dec .2013 for bacterial culture and drug sensitive test .And clinical data about types of neonatal diseases ,maternal infection status ,mode of de‐livery ,medication in late pregnancy ,situation of neonatal death were retrospectively analyzed .Results A total of 80 cases of neo‐nates were infected by Streptococcus agalactiae ,,and the neonates diagnosed with septicemia ,omphalitis ,premature birth ,intrau‐terine infection and aspiration pneumonia were accounted for 8 .75% ,10 .00% ,15 .00% ,22 .50% and 43 .75% ,respectively .The positive rate of Streptococcus agalactiae infection in mother′s reproductive tract specimens was 51 .25% ,and the results of drug sensitive test were consistent with those of neonates .9 cases of cesarean section ,accounted for 11 .25% ;71 cases of natural child‐birth ,accounted for 88 .75% .In the 80 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae ,the sensitivity of vancomycin ,linezolid ,penicillin and ceftriaxone were all 100 .00% ,and resistance rates of Streptococcus agalactiae to erythromycin ,clindamycin and levofloxacin were higher ,and were 77 .50% ,57 .50% and 33 .75% respectively .Conclusion Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae carriers and mode of delivery may be risk factors for neonatal Streptococcus agalactiae infection .Obstetricians should pay attention to routine screening of Streptococcus agalactiae in perinatal pregnant women ,the laboratory should improve the efficacy in detecting Streptococcus aga‐lactiae and provide the results of antibacterials resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae immediately ,in order to provide references for clinical rational drug use .