基于核酸适配体和有机纳米材料的肿瘤靶向递药系统研究进展

摘要

Aptamers are DNA or RNA fragments that can specifically bind to target substances.Because of the excellent properties such as strong binding force,high specificity,small physical size,chemical synthesis and modification,good biocompatibility,and low immunogenicity aptamers show wide application propects in biomedical researches.Aptamers can also bind specifically to receptors on the surface of cell membranes,and mediate the endocytosis of nanoparticles into cells,making them ideal drug targeting ligands.Organic nanomaterials have excellent application value in nanodrug delivery system because of their good biocompatibility and degradability.In this paper,the recent research progress of aptamers and organic nanomaterials drug delivery systems was reviewed.%核酸适配体是能与靶物质特异性结合的DNA或RNA片段,由于其具有优良的特性,如结合力强、特异性高、物理尺寸小、可化学合成与修饰、生物相容性好及免疫原性低等特点,在生物医学研究领域显示出广阔的应用潜力.核酸适配体还可与细胞膜表面的受体特异性结合,并能介导纳米粒子内吞进入细胞,使其成为理想的药物靶向配体.有机纳米材料由于其良好的生物相容性、可降解性等特点,从而在纳米递药系统中具有较好的应用价值.对近3年来基于核酸适配体和有机纳米材料递药系统的最新研究进展作简要介绍.