肿瘤治疗的新途径:嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法

摘要

免疫疗法已经成为癌症治疗中的重要手段.使用嵌合抗原受体(chimeric antigen receptor,CAR)修饰的T细胞治疗癌症因其显著的疗效成为了癌症治疗研究的新方向.CAR包含抗原结合部分、铰链区、跨膜结构域以及结合活化T细胞的细胞共刺激结构.对目标肿瘤的特异性清除是通过CART细胞对抗原的特异性选择和共刺激信号转导,CAR-T细胞在过继后的转运、维持,以及抗肿瘤功能的保留实现的.此文对目前基于CAR-T细胞疗法的基本原理及临床应用作一阐述.%Immunotherapy has become an important way in cancer treatment.Using chimeric anti gen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells in cancer treatment has become a new therapeutic approach for cancer because of its significant effect.CAR comprises an antigen-binding moiety,a hinge region,a transmembrane domain,and a cell costimulatory structure that binds to T cell leading to its activation.The specific clearance of targeted tumor is achieved by the specific selection of antigen and co-stimulatory signal transduction through CAR-T cells,the transport and maintenance of CAR-T cells after adoptive transfer,as well as retention of antitumor functions.This review addresses the current clinical and preclinical studies based on CAR-T cell therapy.