活体异体结膜缘和羊膜移植治疗化学性眼外伤造成的角膜缘干细胞缺失

摘要

目的:评价利用活体异体结膜缘和羊膜移植治疗化学性眼外伤造成的角膜缘干细胞缺失的临床效果.方法:从2005-07/2007-12,本研究包括了9名男性化学性眼外伤患者(10眼).所有患者接受了亲属活体异体结膜缘和羊膜移植,2例眼接受了睑缝术.用环孢菌素和泼尼松龙进行全身性免疫抑制.结果:在3例眼中观察到完全角膜上皮化(30%),其中1例在术后1.5mo出现免疫排斥,角膜溶解引起穿孔,加大全身性免疫抑制剂量来控制病情.3例眼中植片无法在角膜表面重新形成上皮,被定为原发性失败.其余4眼有部分上皮形成,但上皮细胞无法完全覆盖角膜表面.术前最佳矫正视力从手动到1m处数指,术后最佳矫正视力从光感到20/80.有5眼视力得到改进,不需其他治疗.手术失败的主要原因为干眼症和持续性炎症.结论:对于能控制泪量和眼部炎症的病例,亲属活体异体角膜缘和羊膜移植是治疗化学性眼外伤造成的角膜缘干细胞缺失最佳方法之一.%AIM: To evaluate the clinical success of living related conjunctival limbal and amniotic membrane transplantation for treatment of chemical injury induced limbal stem cell deficiency.METHODS: From July 2005 to December 2007, 10 eyes of 9 male patients with chemical injury induced limbal stem cell deficiency were included in the study. All subjects underwent living related conjunctival limbal and amniotic membrane transplantation. Blepharorrhaphy was performed in two cases. Systemic immunosuppression with cyclosporine and prednisolone was initiated.RESULTS: Complete corneal epithelialization was observed in 3 eyes (30%). In one of the patients immunologic rejection and corneal melting led to perforation 1.5 months after surgery. The increasing dose of systemic immunosuppression was used to control it. Three eyes were described as primary failure because graft could not re-epithelialize the corneal surface. The remained four eyes showed partial re-epithelialization, but failed to cover the entire corneal surface with epithelium. Best corrected visual acuity ranged from hand movement to counting finger at 1 meter before the surgery and after the surgery was light perception to 20/80. Five eyes had visual improvement without any additional procedure. Dry eye and persistent inflammation were known as main causes of failure.CONCLUSION: Living related conjunctival limbal allograft and amniotic membrane transplantation can be a good option in the management of limbal stem cell deficiency in selected cases in which tear production and control of ocular inflammation are adequate.