青光眼视神经保护的治疗现状及进展

摘要

Glaucoma is aneurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons.Recent evidence suggests that intraocular pressure ( IOP) is only one of the risk factors for glaucoma, and the disease progression continues in many patients, despite the IOP has been lowered effectively.This review summarized the latest advances in glaucoma neuroprotection, such as the pharmacological approaches, gene therapy, immunomodulators and vaccination, stem cell therapy, bioenergetics, and provided new outlook of neuroprotection therapy for glaucoma.%青光眼是以视网膜神经节细胞及视神经轴突的丢失为特征的神经变性疾病。现有证据表明眼压升高仅仅是青光眼的许多危险因素之一，很多患者虽然已有效地降低了眼压但疾病仍然处于进展中。本文对青光眼视神经保护相关的药理学方法、基因治疗、免疫调节代谢物和接种疫苗、干细胞疗法和生物能疗法，以及目前相关的药物疗法进行综述，展望青光眼视神经保护治疗新前景。