病理性近视黄斑劈裂的研究进展

摘要

•Pathological myopia are often complicated by a series of pathological changes in fundus including foveoschisis, which can lead to visual dysfunction when processing with retinal detachment, macular hole, epiretinal membrane and vitreoretinal traction diseases. According to the current knowledge, the main mechanism of foveoschisisi might be attributed to the impaired macular structure and function caused by a variety of traction on the retinal and retina poor condition. Surgical treatments have been reported to be effective in treating foveoschisis, however, the indications and surgical procedures are still controversial. ln this article, we reviewed the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment strategies and prognosis of pathological myopia foveoschisis.%病理性近视常并发一系列眼底病变，黄斑劈裂是常见的并发症之一。黄斑劈裂病程中合并视网膜脱离、黄斑裂孔、视网膜前膜、玻璃体视网膜牵拉时可导致视功能严重受损。目前多认为其发病机制为多种牵引因素和视网膜自身因素影响导致的黄斑结构和功能紊乱，进而影响视功能。关于黄斑劈裂的治疗在手术方面仍有争议。本综述着重就病理性近视黄斑劈裂的临床特点、辅助诊断、治疗策略及预后做一总结和讨论。