大学生干眼症的流行病学调查及相关危险因素分析

摘要

Abstract•AIM: To obtain the prevalence and risk factors of symptomatic dry eye disease ( SDED ) among college students in China.•METHODS:Population-based cross-sectional study. Students in Medical School of Lanzhou University were approached. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the prevalence of SDED and its risk factors. The diagnosis of SDED was based on reported symptoms and was established if the participants reported “often” or “all the time” once or more for 6-item questionnaire. Positive tests included a tear-film breakup time ( TBUT)≤10s and a fluorescein staining score ( FSS ) ≥1. Demographic information and possible factors that may contribute to SDED were analyzed in a step-wise multivariate logistic regression modelto assess risk factors of SDED.• RESULTS: There were 1139 participants ( 84. 37%response rate ) have completed the questionnaire, 475 males and 664 females aged 16-26y. The prevalence of SDED was 18. 70% [95% confidence interval ( CI)= 16. 59-20. 81]. A TBUT of ≤10s and a FSS≥1 were noted in 47. 67%(95% CI=44. 95-50. 57) and 13. 97%(95% CI=11. 95-15. 99) for all participants, respectively. The multivariate regression analysis revealed the following risk factors:daily reading time of≥4h(OR=1. 58,95% CI=1. 15-2. 18), daily computer use of≥4h ( OR= 1. 52, 95% CI= 1. 02-2. 25), and constant eyeglasses wearing (OR=1. 54,95%CI=1. 08-2. 13). The female gender, refractive surgery and contact lens ( CLs) wearing were not risk factors for SDED in this analysis.• CONCLUSION: The prevalence for SDED is high in Chinese college students. The risk factors include daily reading time of≥4h, daily computer use of≥4h and constant eyeglasses wearing.%目的：了解中国大学生干眼症患病状况,探讨干眼症发病的相关危险因素。方法：横断面研究方法。以兰州大学医学院所有在读学生作为研究对象,采用问卷调查方式对干眼症患病状况及相关危险因素进行调查。干眼症诊断采用六项问卷形式,以受检者经常或总是出现一个或一个以上症状作为干眼症的诊断标准。干眼症阳性体征包括泪膜破裂时间( TBUT)≤10 s以及单眼或双眼角膜染色( FSS )计分≥1。采用多因素logistic回归模型进行相关危险因素分析。结果：共1139名学生纳入本研究,应答率为84.37%,其中男生475名,女生664名,年龄16~26岁。干眼症的患病率为18.70%(95%CI=16.59~20.81),阳性体征中TBUT ≤10 s 的比例大约占47.67%(95%CI=44.95~50.57),FSS≥1占了13.97%(95%CI=11.95~15.99)。多因素 Logistic回归分析结果显示每日阅读时间≥4 h ( OR=1.58,95%CI=1.15~2.18)、每日电脑使用时间≥4h(OR=1.52,95%CI=1.02~2.25)以及长时间配戴眼镜( OR=1.54,95%CI=1.08~2.13)是干眼症发生的危险因素,不同性别、是否进行准分子手术、是否戴隐形眼镜之间干眼症患病率无显著性差异。结论：中国大学生干眼症患病率较高,主要的危险因素包括每日阅读时间和电脑使用时间超过4h,以及长时间配戴眼镜。