Innovation is an important driving force of enterprise development. There are various forms of innovation and their effects are also different. Innovative behaviors of an enterprise might affect their innovation performance,and then affect its operating performance. Based on 2012 World Bank survey data of manufactur-ing industry enterprises in China,this paper analyses the influences of the choice between exploration innova-tion and exploitation innovation on the innovation performance. The research results indicate that:(1)Explo-ration technological innovation behavior has significant positive influence on innovation performance;(2 ) In the premise of exploration technological innovation,the influence of exploitation technological innovation on in-novation performance is not significant,but the exploitation technological innovation behavior has significant influence on innovation performance if exploration innovation behavior is not considered;(3)R&D intensity, whether introducing the foreign technology into the enterprise and whether having R&D cooperation with other enterprises also have significant influence on innovation performance.%创新是企业发展的重要驱动力，创新方式不同，效果也大不一样。企业创新行为选择可能会影响其创新绩效，进而影响其经营绩效。基于2012年世界银行中国制造业企业调查数据，分析利用式创新与探索式创新选择对于创新绩效的影响。结果表明：（1）探索式技术创新行为对创新绩效有显著的正向影响；（2）在考虑探索式技术创新行为的前提下，利用式技术创新行为对创新绩效影响不显著，而在不考虑探索式创新行为时，利用式创新行为对创新绩效有显著影响；（3）企业研发强度、是否有技术引进以及是否有研发合作对企业创新绩效有显著的影响。
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