大孔磺酸树脂催化剂催化 FCC 汽油烷基化脱硫反应失活原因分析

摘要

采用“BA 试验”方法进行大孔磺酸树脂催化剂催化 FCC 汽油烷基化脱硫反应的加速寿命试验考察；通过 BET 比表面积、非金属元素分析和 FT - IR 等分析技术研究烷基化脱硫催化剂失活的原因，并对失活催化剂浸取物进行分析。结果表明，经过多次深处理后，催化剂活性基本丧失。在反应过程中，烯烃低聚和芳烃烷基化等副反应生成的高分子有机副产物覆盖催化剂的活性中心以及碱性氮化物中和活性基团 H ＋是造成催化剂活性降低的原因，并且高分子有机副产物覆盖催化剂的活性中心为主要原因。覆盖催化剂或堵塞孔道的物质主要由大量长链烷烃、少量长链烯烃和芳烃物等有机物组成。%The stabi1ity of macroporous su1fonic acid resin for a1ky1ation desu1furization of FCC gaso1ine was investigated by‘BA test’. In order to find out the deactivation reasons for the cata1ysts,the cata1ysts before and after reaction were characterized by BET,nonmeta11ic e1ements ana1ysis and FT-IR,and the extract from the deactivated cata1yst was ana1yzed. The resu1ts showed that the cata1yst activity was reduced after severa1 times of deep treatments. During the reaction,the causes of cata1yst activity reduction were that the activity centers of the cata1yst were covered with the byproducts of o1efins po1ymerization and aromatics a1ky1ation and neutra1ization reaction of a1ka1i nitrides with H + of active group. The organics which covered the cata1yst or p1ugged the pores consisted of a 1arge number of 1ong-chain a1kanes and a sma11 amount of 1ong chain o1efins and aromatic hydrocarbons.