氨分解制氢催化剂研究进展

摘要

As the environmental regulations was increasingly stringent,the clean production and applica-tion of hydrogen caused unprecedented attention. NH3 decomposition was considered as one of the impor-tant routes for the production of hydrogen. The research progress in Ru,Ni and Fe catalysts for ammonia decomposition was introduced. Although Ru catalysts possessed better catalytic activity, Ru limited resources and high price inhibited its industrial application. The non-noble metal catalysts,represented by Fe and Ni,with abundant raw material resource,low cost,high conversion of ammonia exhibited great potential in commercial application. The new Fe1-x O-based ammonia synthesis catalyst invented by China was the fused iron catalyst with the highest activity in the world. According to the principle of microscopic reversibility,the new fused iron catalyst was also the ammonia decomposition catalysts with the best reac-tivity for hydrogen production.%随着环保法规日趋严格，清洁氢能的生产和应用引起关注，氨分解制氢是其中重要途径之一。综述Ru、Ni和Fe等氨分解催化剂的研究进展，Ru催化剂具有较高的催化活性，但由于资源有限和价格昂贵等因素使其在工业应用方面受到限制。以Fe和Ni为代表的非贵金属催化剂资源丰富，价格低廉，氨分解反应转化率高，具有潜在的工业应用前景。我国独创的新一代Fe1-x O基新型熔铁催化剂是目前世界上活性最高的氨合成催化剂，根据微观可逆性原理，新型熔铁催化剂也是氨分解反应活性最好的制氢催化剂。