壳聚糖季铵盐的制备及其对铀的吸附性能研究

摘要

研究了壳聚糖依次与戊二醛、环氧氯丙烷、三甲胺水溶液反应,制备球状三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖季铵盐,即壳聚糖骨架强碱性吸附剂,采用红外光谱、热重分析法对合成的吸附剂进行表征并考察其对铀的吸附性能.结果表明:所制备的壳聚糖季铵盐吸附剂对低浓度铀有较好的吸附效果;铀初始质量浓度为2 mg/L的矿山废水,经该吸附剂摇床振荡吸附后,铀质量浓度降到0.05 m g/L以下,达到外排标准.%The spherical chitosan quaternary ammonium salt which is a kind of chitosan matrix strong alkaline adsorbent was prepared by the reactions of chitosan with glutaraldehyde ,epichlorohydrin , trimethylamine aqueous solution in turn .The adsorbent was characterized by infrared ,thermal analysis , and its adsorption performance for uranium were examined .The prepared chitosan quaternary ammonium has good adsorption effect for uranium in the solution containing low concentration of uranium .For the uranyl wastwater from a certain uranium mine whose initial concentration of uranium is 2 mg/L ,the uranium concentration can be dropped below 0 .05 mg/L by shaking adsorption with the adsorbent and meets the wastewater discharge standard .