The accuracy index and the approaches of accuracy evaluations for tidal harmonic constants at tidal stations are discussed. For the typical long term tidal stations along the coast of China, the accuracy evaluations are performed based on statistics of the analyzed results series from yearly and monthly observations. The statistics shows that the harmonic constants at stations face to open ocean and seas can reach mm and cm accuracy level for yearly and monthly results respectively. However, for the tidal stations along the other part of the coast of China,the harmonic constants represent tendency or periodic variation with large magnitude. For the applications of tides to calculate chart datum and for the evaluation of tide models, it is essential to define reference epoch and to correct the harmonic constants.%论证了验潮站潮汐调和常数的精度指标与精度评估方法,对中国沿岸有代表性的长期验潮站分别按年、月调和分析结果序列进行了调和常数的精度统计计算.结果表明,对于面向开阔海域的验潮站,由年观测资料分析的主要分潮振幅具有毫米级精度,月分析结果具有厘米级精度.而分布于黄海、东海沿岸和北部湾的验潮站,由年、月观测序列求得的调和常数均存在较大量级的趋势性或周期性变化成分.为海图深度基准面计算和潮汐模型精度评价的需要,对调和常数实施修正和规定参考历元是必要的.
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