纳米零价铁(NZVI)是粒径在1～ 100nm之间的铁颗粒,它的比表面积和反应活性远远大于普通铁屑和铁粉,可以直接注入到含水层的重污染区,形成一个高效的原位反应带,灵活、高效、低成本地治理地下水污染.NZVI不仅可以降解各种卤代烃,还可以降解部分不含卤族元素的有机污染物,吸附或降解地下水中的重金属离子和多种无机阴离子.NZVI地下水修复技术在发达国家已经得到工程应用并正在迅速推广,原位场地因素对NZVI地下水修复效果的影响是今后该领域重要发展方向.NZVI在含水层中的有效分散和运移是今后NZVI用于地下水修复的主要突破点.%Nano-scale Zero-Valent Iron ( NZVI) particle is a kind of iron particle with diameter ranging between 1 to 100 nm. Its specific surface and reactivity are much higher than normal iron fillings and iron power. It can be filled into underground heavy polluted area directly to form a high-efficient in situ reactive zone, and remediate the contaminated groundwater in a versatile, high efficient and low-cost way. NZVI not only can degrade all kinds of halogenated hydrocarbons, but also can degrade some other kinds of organic pollutants, heavy metal irons and some inorganic anions. NZVI groundwater remediation technology has already been applied in developed countries, and is expanded quickly. Effects by in situ factors on the remediation effects of NZVI are significant research highlights, the efficient scattering and transport of NZVI in aquifer are the main point for scientists to breakthrough in the future.
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