施肥模式对稻田土壤微生物影响的研究进展

摘要

综述了长期施肥条件下不同施肥模式对土壤微生物的生物量、酶活性、群落结构和多样性4个方面的影响,发现有机无机肥配合施用有利于维持和增加作物生长发育过程中土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性和土壤微生物群落结构多样性;同时,也探讨了利用现代分子生物学方法研究土壤微生物多样性的进展及其应用前景,其研究结果可为作物高效生产、养分高效利用及农田可持续发展等提供理论指导.%The research progress of microbial community structure and diversity in paddy soil under long-term fertilization practices was reviewed, the results showed that soil microbial quantity, soil enzyme activity, soil microbial community structure and diversity were increased under combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer practices condition. Meanwhile, the development and application prospect of modern molecular biology methods for soil microbial community structure and diversity were also discussed in the present paper. Therefore, the results provide theoretical support for increase crop production, soil nutrients use and sustainable development of paddy field in agricultural production.