不同缓/控释肥在直播早稻上应用效果比较研究

摘要

In order to verify the application of four slow / controlled release fertilizers JZ-01, JZ-02, JT-05 and JT-06 in direct rice of early rice in eastern Hunan Province, we compared the changes of root length, plant height, tiller number, chlorophyll content, paddy leaf area, rice production, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen and phosphorus harvest index and test species after four kinds of slow / controlled release fertilizer. The results showed that the grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and phosphorus use efficiency of JT-05 and JT-06 increased by 12.9％ and 7.6％, 52.9％ and 43.1％, 73.8％ and 57.4％ respectively, compared with those of CF (conventional fertilization) while JZ-01 and JZ-02 decreased by 11.8％ and 16.8％, 6.4％ and 9.8％, 0.8％ and 4.1％ respectively. Compared with CF treatment, JT-05 and JT-06 treatments promoted rice growth and increased SPAD value, leaf area, nitrogen and phosphorus harvest index, effective panicle, number of actual seed, panicle weight, JZ-01 and JZ-02 decreased handling of these indicators. The two slow / controlled release fertilizer application model of JT-05 and JT-06 worth promoting. The results provide the theoretical basis and practical basis for the research and development of slow / controlled release fertilizer and its application mode.%为验证JZ-01、JZ-02、JT-05、JT-06这4种缓/控释肥在湘东地区早稻直播稻上的应用效果,探索比较了4种缓/控释肥施用后的根长、株高、分蘖数、叶绿素含量、剑叶面积、水稻产量、氮磷利用效率、氮磷收获指数和考种等指标的变化.结果表明:与CF(习惯施肥)处理相比较,JT-05和JT-06处理的稻谷产量、氮素利用效率、磷素利用效率分别提高了12.9％ 和7.6％、52.9％ 和43.1％、73.8％ 和57.4％,JZ-01和JZ-02处理的分别降低了11.8％ 和16.8％、6.4％ 和9.8％、0.8％ 和4.1％.与CF处理相比较,JT-05和JT-06处理促进了水稻生长,提高了SPAD值、剑叶面积、氮磷收获指数、有效穗、实粒数和穗重,JZ-01和JZ-02处理的降低了上述指标.JT-05和JT-06这2种缓/控释肥的应用模式值得推广.研究结果为缓/控释肥的研发及其施用模式提供了理论依据和实践基础.