青少年足球运动员左室肥厚的生理极限研究

摘要

Objectives:This study was undertaken to define physiologic limits of left ventricular hypertrophy in elite football athletes. Methods: 60 elite football athletes and 60 healthy sedentary controls and 40 sundry items of similar age and gender underwent echocardiography. Results:Compared with controls, football athletes had greater absolute LVWT (9.5±1.7mm vs. 8.4±1.4mm;). Maximal LVWT exceeded predicted upper limits in 5 athletes (8.3%);however, only one trained male athletes had absolute LVWT>12 mm (1.7%). Each of the 5 athletes with a LVWT exceeding predicted limits also showed enlarged left ventricular cavity dimension (54.4±2.1 mm;range 52 to 60 mm). Female athlete had a LVWT>11 mm. Conclusions:Trained adolescent football athletes demonstrated greater absolute LVWT compared with nonathletes. Only a small proportion of athletes exhibited a LVWT exceeding upper limits, very rarely>12 mm, and then always with chamber enlargement. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy should be considered strongly in any trained football male athlete with LVWT>12 mm(females>11mm).%目的：确定青少年足球运动员左室肥厚的生理极限值，预防运动员运动性猝死的发生风险。方法：采用超声心动仪检测60名优秀青少年足球运动员和60名年龄、性别类似的健康对照者及40名其他项目运动员的左心室厚度。结果：与对照组相比，青少年足球运动员的左心室壁厚度（LVWT）较大，为9.5±1.7 mm，对照组为8.4±1.4mm。其中5名运动员（8.3％）的最大LVWT超过了预测值的上限；只有1名男运动员的绝对LVWT值大于12mm（1.7％）。5名运动员的LVWT超过了预测限度，提示左心腔扩大（54.4±2.1mm；范围为52～60mm）。而女运动员LVWT值均小于11 mm。结论：与非运动员相比，有训练的青少年足球运动员的LVWT值更大。只有一小部分运动员的LVWT超过了上限，但少有大于12mm，而腔室一般都有扩大现象。提示，当有训练的青少年足球运动员男子LVWT>12mm，女子>11mm，极有可能属于肥厚性心肌病。