从药用植物一年蓬茎组织中分离并筛选获得了1株内生生防细菌EA19.经形态学、生理生化和16SrRNA编码基因序列分析等实验,EA19与解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)亲缘关系最近.采用菌丝生长速率法对EA19进行了10种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性测定.结果表明,EA19菌体对稻梨孢、镰孢菌、胶孢炭疽菌、稻平脐蠕孢、立枯丝核菌、核盘菌、链格孢和青霉菌等植物病原真菌具有拮抗活性,对稻梨孢和核盘菌的抑制率分别达到96.99％± 1.10％和99.16％±0.65％.EA19菌体对小麦白粉病菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici)的分生孢子萌发和吸器形成具有极显著的抑制作用(P＜0.01),并导致病菌附着胞发育畸形.%To screen antifiingal bacteria for biological control of wheat powdery mildew, eleven bacterial isloates were isolated from stem of Erigeron annuus(L.) Pers, a medicinal plant species, Antifungal activity assay to 10 phytopathogens showed that EA19 exhibited strong inhibition activity against 8 phytopathogens including Magnaporthe grisea, Fusarium graminearum, Col-letotrichum capsici, Bipolaris oryzae Breda de Haam, Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke et Berthold, Rhizoctonia solani Kiihn, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, Altermaria altemala (Fries) Keissler, S. rolfsii Sacc and Penicillium expansum (Link) Thorn with broad spectrum, especially to M. grisea and S. sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, with growth inhibition rate of 96.99%±1.10% and 99.16%±0.65%, respectively (P<0.01). A histological investigation displayed that EA19 culture affected Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici in vivo by inhibiting the germination of conidia and haustoria, and by increasing the rate of deformed appressorium in the early infection stage.
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