腹内压联合胃残余量监测在ICU患者护理中的应用

摘要

Objective To explore the intra-abdominal pressure and gastric residual volume monitoring in ICU patients and to study the role of early enteral nutrition tolerance .Methods 186 cases of 2013 ICU admission were analyzed and enteral nutrition of critically ill patients was implemented .The patients were randomly divided into experimental group and the control group ( n=93 ) .Internal pressure and gastric residual volume were used re-spectively to monitor the conventional nursing measures .The two groups were compared in the incidence of abdomi-nal distension , vomiting , diarrhea and target feeding success rate .Results The incidence of abdominal disten-sion was 26.88% and 55.91% (P<0.01) in the experimental group and the control group and the difference wasstatistically significant .The incidence of vomiting was 9.68% and 21.50% in the experimental group and the control group .and the difference was statistically significant .( P<0 .05 ) The diarrhea incidence was 8 .60% and 10 .75%in the experimental group and the control group .and the difference was not statistically significant .( P>0.05) The feeding quantity of the two groups of patients reached the target .Conclusion Strengthening the intra -abdominal pressure and gastric residual volume monitoring can effectively reduce the early enteral nutrition disten -sion and vomiting in the ICU patients and to achieve target feeding at an early age , which is important for the im-provement of patients with early enteral nutrition tolerance .%目的：探讨腹内压（Intra－abdominal pressure，IAP）联合胃残余量监测在重症监护病房（intensive care unit， ICU）患者早期肠内营养耐受性观察中的作用。方法分析2013年186例入住ICU并且实施肠内营养的危重患者，随机分成试验组和对照组各93例。分别采用腹内压联合胃残余量监测方案和常规护理措施。比较两组腹胀、呕吐、腹泻的发生率和目标喂养量的达标率。结果试验组腹胀的发生率为26．88％，对照组腹胀的发生率为55．91％（ P＜0．01），差异有显著统计学意义；试验组呕吐的发生率为9．68％，对照组呕吐的发生率为21．50％（P＜0．05），差异有统计学意义；试验组腹泻的发生率为8．60％，对照组腹泻的发生率为10．75％（P＞0．05），差异无统计学意义；两组患者均达到目标喂养量，试验组目标喂养量达标率为88．17％，对照组目标喂养量达标率为86．02％，差异无统计学意义。结论腹内压联合胃残余量监测方案可以有效降低ICU患者早期肠内营养腹胀、呕吐的发生率，使其早日达到目标喂养量，对于提高患者早期肠内营养耐受性有重要意义。