基于 Ansys 的门式起重机主梁优化设计

摘要

针对门式起重机金属结构在设计制造时存在的材料浪费以及引发的一系列问题，以50 t－30 m轨道式集装箱门式起重机为例，基于Ansys的参数化设计语言APDL平台对起重机金属结构进行参数化建模，针对满载小车位于主梁跨端最危险位置时的工况进行了有限元数值模拟，进一步利用Ansys的优化功能，定量对主梁截面参数进行优化，完成了主梁的减重设计。在满足设计要求的前提下，优化结果较原设计方案最大等效应力增加5.52％，最大变形增加25％，质量减少12.4％，减重效果十分显著，为起重机金属结构和类似结构优化设计提供了参考。%Considering the material waste problem during design and manufacture of the metal structure of gantry cranes and other series of problems incurred therefrom, with the 50t-30m rail-mounted container gantry crane as an exam-ple, the parametrical modeling is performed for crane's metal structure based on Ansys parametrical design language APDL platform, the finite element numerical simulation is performed for the working condition of full-loaded cart in the most dan-gerous position of span end of the girder, and the cross-section parameters of the girder is optimized quantitatively using Ansys optimization function to complete the weight-reduction design for the girder.Under the premise of meeting the design requirement, compared to the original design scheme, the optimized result shows that the maximum equivalent stress in-creases by 5.52%, the maximum deformation increases by 25%, the weight reduces by 12.4%, presenting significant weight-reduction effect, which can provide reference for optimal design of crane's metal structure and similar structures.