急性高原病的遗传易感性

摘要

Acute high altitude disease(AHAD), which can be divided into acute mountain disease (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE), is one of the special illnesses occurred at high altitude, commonly encountered by travelers to high altitudes (>2 500 m), which affects people's work capacity and health and could be even a life-threatening disease. Despite extensive investigations over the last century, the pathophysiology of AHAD remains elusive. Nevertheless, numerous researches have confirmed the existence of AHAD susceptibility differences. The aim of this paper was to review the epidemiological evidence for a genetic component to the various forms of AHAD so far, as well as to supply helpful reference to its epidemiological studies.%急性高原病(Acute high altitude disease,AHAD)分为急性高原反应、高原肺水肿和高原脑水肿,是高原特发病之一,在高原旅居者中(>2 500 m)具有高发生率,不仅影响人们的工作能力和健康,而且可能危及生命.尽管AHAD 的相关研究已开展百余年,其病理生理机制仍不明确,但大量研究已证实AHAD 存在易感性的差异.文章综述了迄今为止AHAD 的遗传易感性研究进展,以期为AHAD 的流行病学研究提供有益的参考资料.