海洋环境与陆地环境有着显著的差异，其具有高盐、高压、低温、寡氧的特点，自身含有生物活性物质的海洋生物在极端的环境下经过长年的生长和代谢，积累了大量的抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤活性物质等，其抗肿瘤作用已经成为目前研究的热点之一。海洋抗肿瘤药物主要来源于海洋动物、植物和微生物，通过现代科学方法和技术，从海洋生物中寻找具有抗肿瘤活性的化合物开发出具有抗肿瘤作用的海洋药物具有广阔前景。从而积极研究并深入探讨海洋生物的抗肿瘤活性，对治疗人类重大疾病具有现实意义。%The environment of the ocean has many characteristics widely different from it of the land such as high salinity, high pressure, low temperature and oligotrophic conditions so that numerous varieties of biont produce a mass of bioactivators in the ex-treme environment of the ocean, for example, antibiosis, antiviral, antitumor activities and so on. This article introduced three sources of marine anticancer drugs from marine animals, plants and micro-organisms, provided a reference for looking for the compounds with antitumor activity from marine organisms and obtained effective marine anticancer drugs through modern scientific methods and tech-niques. Thereby it could contribute to the development of marine drugs for clinical treatment of human major diseases and the further development of marine biological research.
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