嵌管式窗户全年动态性能预测方法

摘要

透光围护结构性能对建筑冷热负荷有较大影响.与其他节能措施相比,嵌管式窗户能有效降低冬夏季的室内负荷,并提高热舒适.传统数值分析方法难以对嵌管式窗户的全年动态特性进行快速计算,为此,笔者提出了一种基于光学和传热特性的简化计算方法,并以北京为例,采用该方法分析了应用嵌管式窗户耦合地埋管换热器方案的节能效果.结果表明:该方法计算方便,且具有较好的精度;对玻璃结构优化发现,采用内置双层中空玻璃的嵌管式窗户冬夏季节能效果均较为显著,全年节能率达20.3％,其中,夏季在东向和西向的效果更好,与通风式双层皮幕墙相比,累计得热量可分别降低29％和32％,而北向效果不明显;嵌管式窗户能降低室内负荷波动状况,减小空调系统装机容量.%Heating and cooling loads caused by transparent building envelope account for a large amount in total cooling and heating demand.Compared with other energy saving measures,the pipeembedded window can decrease cooling and heating loads and improve thermal comfort.Since traditional numerical method is almost impossible to be applied in calculating the annual thermal performance of the pipe-embedded window,a simplified method based on optical and thermal characteristics is proposed to calculate the annual dynamic performance of the pipe-embedded window.Uses this method to analyse the annual performance of the pipe-embedded window integrated with ground heat exchanger in Beijing.The results show that:1) this method is accurate and convenient in annual performance simulation;2) double glazing window applied in internal surface can reach an annual energy reduction rate of 20.3％,total indoor heat gain reduction rates are promising in east and west orientations in summer compared with ventilated double skin facade,which can reach a value of 29％ and 32％ respectively;3) the pipe-embedded window can reduce the fluctuation of both heating and cooling loads as well as the capacity of indoor air handling units.