社区独居老年人意外伤害知识、态度和行为的调查分析

摘要

目的：了解社区独居老年人意外伤害的认知率、对意外伤害的态度以及相关行为，为社区服务内容提供理论依据，为有效预防社区独居老年人意外伤害奠定基础。方法采用《银川市社区独居老年人意外伤害知识、态度、行为调查表》对银川市5个社区年龄在60岁及以上的220名老年人进行调查。结果知识方面：80.6%了解走人行道、靠右行走、过马路看红绿灯走横道线；83.4%了解火场逃生方法；对烫伤、触电、煤气中毒和急性扭伤的应急处理认知率均达98%以上。态度方面：88.5%的老年人认为意外伤害可以预防；82.9%的老年人觉得有必要了解意外伤害相关知识；93.5%的老年人认为自己可能发生意外伤害。行为方面：3.2%每次使用煤气后检查煤气阀门的关闭情况，3.7%每次服药前查看药品有效期；4.1%是按药品说明书保管家中药品；7.8%是按医嘱服药；2.3%过马路时看红绿灯。结论社区独居老年人意外伤害部分知识的认知率较高，且大部分老年人能采取正确的态度，但预防意外伤害相关行为的依存性较低，需要开展多种形式的宣传教育活动，进一步提高认知率，促使其采取正确的行为预防意外伤害，减少意外伤害的发生率。%Objective To understand the cognitive rate ,attitude and related behavior of accidental injury of elderly people living alone in the community,provide theoretical basis for community service content,lay the foundation for the effective prevention of accident injury of community elderly person living alone.Methods Using the questionnaire of accidental injury knowledge,atti-tude and practice of community elderly people living alone in Yinchuan City,five community's age in 60 years old and above 220 elderly people were investigated.Results In terms of knowledge: The 80.6% know walking along the sidewalk,walk on the right, across the street to see traffic lights and go crosswalk lines.The 83.4%is aware of the fire escape method.The cognitive rate of emer-gency treatment of burns,electric shock,gas poisoning and acute sprain reached more than 98%.In terms of attitude: The 88.5% of elderly people think that accidental injury can be prevented.The 82.9% of elderly feel the need to understand the relevant knowl-edge of accident injury.The 93.5% of elderly people think they may have an accident.In terms of practice: The 3.2% every time check the gas valve closed after using gas.The 3.7%check the validity of the drugs before each medication.The 4.1%is according to the drug instructions to keep the family medicine.The 7.8% is take the medicine according to the doctor's advice.The 2.3% look at the traffic lights when go across the road.Conclusion The cognitive rate of accident partial knowledge of community elderly living alone is high,and the most of elderly people can adopt a correct attitude,but the dependence of related behaviors to prevent the ac-cidental injury is relatively low and need to carry out various forms of publicity and education activities,to further improve the recognition rate,promote to take the correct behavior of accidental injury prevention,reduce the incidence of accidental injury.