目的 了解老年慢性阻塞性肺病人群接种流感疫苗的效果.方法 选取我院2007-2009年60例慢性阻塞性肺病老年人为接种组,随机分为1次/年组(以下简称接种1组)及2次/年组(以下简称接种2组),同时选取年龄、性别、疾病等相匹配的未接种流感疫苗的30例老年人为对照组,进行调查,并于接种疫苗后3个月、6个月进行两次随访,观察三组人群慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重的发生情况及住院情况.结果 接种两组慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重的发病率、住院天数与对照组的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).接种1组在流感疫苗接种后3个月、6个月保护率分别为47.1%、48.0%,接种2组保护率分别为52.9%、44.O%;接种1组和对照组慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重住院天数在流感疫苗接种后3个月、6个月分别减少3.3 d、7.1 d,接种2组分别减少4.4 d、8.2 d.接种两组急性加重发生率及住院天数比较差异无统计学意义.结论 接种流感疫苗能明显减少慢性阻塞性肺病人群急性加重的年发生率及住院天数,目前暂无证据每年接种两次与每年接种一次比较有明显差别.%Objective To investigate the effects of influenza vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods 60 old patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were selected into vaccination group,and randomly divided into 1 times/year and 2 times/year group, and 30 cases matching uninoculated influenza vaccine elderly were selected as control group. Three groups were followed-up 3, 6 months after vaccination. Results Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease acute exacerbation incidence and hospitalization days in two vaccination groups were significantly lower compared with controls (P＜0.05). The protective rates in vaccination group 1 and 2 after 3, 6 months were 47.1％ and 48.0％, 52.9％ and 44.0％, respectively. Vaccination group 1 and control group chronic obstructive pulmonary disease acute exacerbation hospitalization after 3, 6 months reduced 3.3 and 7.1 days, vaccination group 1 reduced 4.4 days and 8.2 days. But, there were no significant differences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease acute exacerbation incidence and hospitalization days between two vaccination groups. Conclusion Vaccination influenza vaccine can significantly reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of acute exacerbation occurrence rate and hospitalization days.
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