目的 分析海口市学校传染病暴发疫情流行特征,为预防学校传染病暴发疫情提供科学依据.方法 应用描述流行病学方法,对海口市2007-2011年学校传染病暴发疫情资料进行统计分析.结果 海口市2007-2011年共报告学校传染病暴发疫情44起,占全市暴发疫情总数的84.62％；3～4月发生18起,9～10月15起,分别占40.91％、34.09％；病种以急性呼吸道传染病为主,其中水痘20起,占45.45％,甲型H1N1流感15起,占34.09％;小学发生28起,占63.64％,中学11起,占25.00％；病例相关疫苗免疫接种率为1.53％.结论 春、秋季开学后的1～2个月是学校传染病暴发疫情高发期,中、小学校呼吸道传染病是防控重点,针对性主动免疫是有效预防的关键.%Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of infectious diseases in the schools in Haikou City, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious disease in school. Methods The methods of descriptive epidemiology were used to analyze the data of outbreaks of infectious diseases in the schools of Haikou city from 2007 to 2001. Results A total of 44 outbreaks were reported in the schools of Haikou city from 2007 to 2011, accounting for 84.62% of the outbreaks reported in Haikou city. There were 18 outbreaks from March to April (40.91%) and 15 outbreaks form September to October (34.09%). The main diseases reported were acute respiratory infectious disease, including varicella (20 events, 45.45%), A/H1N1 influenza (15 events, 34.09%). There were 28 outbreaks in primary schools (63.64%) and 11 outbreaks in middle schools (25.00%). The rate of vaccination about related disease was 1.53%. Conclusion The infectious diseases mainly outbreaks one to two months after the beginning of the Spring and Autumn term. The prevention and control should mainly focus on the primary schools and middle schools.
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