2009-2013年攀枝花市血液报废原因分析

摘要

目的：回顾性分析攀枝花市2009-2013年的血液报废情况，查找血液报废原因，采取有效的控制措施，减少血液浪费。方法对本站2009年1月至2013年12月因血液检测不合格、脂血、不足量所致的报废数据进行了分析，同时对不同原因报废的全血、红细胞、血浆三个主要血液种类进行分析。结果血液检测总不合格率平均为2.65%，血液检测5项指标不合格率为ALT (1.47%)>抗-TP (0.62%)＞ HBsAg (0.39%)>抗-HCV (0.14%)>抗-HIV (0.06%)。因ALT和抗-TP导致血红细胞(RBC)报废比例分别为53.66%、22.05%；不足量和脂血导致全血报废比例分别为57.85%、17.53%；脂血导致血浆报废的比例为67.68%。结论 ALT和抗-TP是导致红细胞报废的主要原因，不足量及脂血是导致全血报废及血浆报废的主要原因；建议加强献血宣传及咨询指导、促进献血者的自我排除意识，降低血液检测不合格率与减少血液浪费。%Objective To explore the status and the causes for discarding blood during 2009-2013 in Panzhi-hua city, and to adopt effective measures to reduce waste of blood. Methods The total data of discarding blood due to unqualification, lipidemia and quantitative insufficience from January 2009 to December 2013 were analyzed. The three major blood types [whole blood, red blood cell (RBC), plasma] discarded due to different reasons were analyzed. Results The total unqualified rate of blood was 2.65%, with the five blood screening test results ranked from high to low as follow:ALT (1.47%)>anti-TP (0.62%)>HBsAg (0.39%)>anti-HCV (0.14%)>anti-HIV (0.06%). RBC discard-ing rate because of ALT and anti-TP were 53.66%, 22.05%, respectively. Rates of discarding whole blood due to insuf-ficience and lipemia were 57.85%and 17.53%, respectively, and the rate of discarding plasma because of lipemia was 67.68%. Conclusion ALT and anti-TP are the main reasons leading to discard of RBC, while quantitative insuffi-cience and lipemia are the main reasons leading to the discard of whole blood and plasma. To achieve a lower rate of blood test failure and reduce the waste of blood, strengthening promotion and counseling of the blood donation, pro-moting the awareness of donor's self-exclusion are recommended.