Objective To study the role of the B cell activating transcription factor (BATF), IL-17 and the retino-ic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor (RORγt) in acute airway inflammation of asthmatic mice. Methods (1) Twen-ty-four healthy female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the normal saline group (NS group), the asthma group (AS group), and the dexamethasone group (DEX group), with 8 mice in each group. On days 0, 7 and 14, oval-bumin (OVA) fluid was injected into the abdominal cavity of the mice in AS group and DEX group, and normal saline was injected into the abdominal cavity of the mice in NS group. From the 21st day, the mice in NS group were inhaled normal saline with 40 minutes of ultrasonic atomization once a day for five consecutive days, while the mice in AS group and DEX group were inhaled 2%OVA solution in the same way. The mice in DEX group were given intraperito-neal injection of dexamethasone (1.0 mg/kg) at 30 minutes before the inhalation each time, and the mice in other groups were given the normal saline group in the same way. 24 hours after the final inhalation, mice were collected the lung tissue samples for testing. Results (1) According to lung tissue sections, lung tissue in NS group had no signifi-cant inflammation, while the lung tissue in AS and DEX groups showed inflammation response. AS group's inflamma-tory response was higher than DEX group's. (2) Immunohistochemistry results showed the expression of BATF, IL-17 and RORγt in AS group were higher than that in NS group and DEX group (P<0.05), and the expression in DEX group was significantly lower than the AS group (P<0.05). (3) The expression of BATF in lung tissue was positively correlated with the count of WBC, NEU and EOS in the BALF differently (r=0.487, 0.531, 0.515, P<0.05). The ex-pression of BATF in lung tissue was positively correlated with the one of RORγt and IL-17 differently (r=0.502, 0.493, P<0.05). The expression of IL-17 in lung tissue was positively correlated with the one of RORγt (r=0.536, P<0.05). Conclusion (1) The expression of BATF, IL-17 and RORγt in AS group's lung tissue was increased signifi-cantly. (2) Dexamethasone could down-regulate the expression of BATF, IL-17 and RORγt in asthmatic mice, which would improve airway inflammatory.%目的：探讨B细胞转录激活因子(BATF)、白细胞介素-17及维甲酸孤儿核受体γt (RORγt)对急性哮喘小鼠气道炎症的影响。方法(1)将24只健康雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组(NS组)、哮喘模型组(AS组)、地塞米松治疗组(DEX组)，每组8只。第0、7、14天，AS组、DEX组小鼠用卵清蛋白(OVA)抗原液腹腔内注射致敏，NS组用等体积生理盐水腹腔内注射。第21天起，NS组超声雾化吸入生理盐水，AS组、DEX组超声雾化吸入2%的OVA液，均为每天1次，每次40 min，连续5 d。每次雾化前30 min，DEX组以地塞米松1.0 mg/kg腹腔注射， NS组、AS组则以等体积的生理盐水腹腔注射。末次雾化结束24 h后，各组小鼠留取肺组织标本进行检测。结果(1)肺组织切片显示：NS组肺组织无明显炎症反应，AS组及DEX组均存在炎症反应，且AS组炎症反应明显高于DEX组。(2)免疫组化结果显示：AS组肺组织BATF、IL-17、RORγt的表达明显高于NS组、DEX组(P<0.05)；DEX组肺组织IL-17、BATF、RORγt的表达较AS组明显降低(P<0.05)。(3)肺组织BATF的表达与BALF中白细胞(WBC)总数及中性粒细胞(NEU)计数、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数呈正相关(r=0.487、0.531、0.515，P<0.05)；肺组织BATF的表达与IL-17、RORγt的表达呈正相关(r=0.502、0.493，P<0.05)；肺组织IL-17的表达与RORγt的表达呈正相关(r=0.536，P<0.05)。结论(1)急性哮喘小鼠肺组织中BATF、IL-17、RORγt表达上调。(2)地塞米松可能是通过下调BATF、IL-17、RORγt的表达而减轻气道炎症性损害。
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