Objective To explore the relationship between the thymidine phosphorylase (DPD) and thymi-dylate synthase (TS) mRNA expressions and S-1-based chemotherapy prognosis in patients with advanced gastric can-cer (AGC). Methods A total of 40 patients with pathologically confirmed AGC were enrolled in this study. Before the treatment, the expressions of DPD and TS mRNA in peripheral blood were determined using reverse transcription poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Then the patients were administered with S-1-based regimen (S-1+cisplatin). The re-lationship between the DPD and TS mRNA expressions and prognosis in AGC patients were analyzed. Results The median OS was 13.5 months in these 40 patients. It was 17 months in patients with low DPD mRNA expression and 10 months in those with high DPD mRNA expression (χ2=4.059, P=0.044). Also, it was 17 months in patients with low TS mRNA expression and 10 months in those with high TS mRNA expression (χ2=3.936, P=0.047). Pooled analy-sis showed that patients with both low DPD mRNA expression and low TS mRNA expression had even longer OS (χ2=17.486, P=0.001). Conclusion The detection of DPD and TS mRNA expression alone or in combination can be used to predict the prognosis in AGC patients.%目的：探讨二氢嘧啶脱氢酶(Thymidine phosphorylase，DPD) mRNA及胸苷酸合成酶(Thymidylate synthase，TS) mRNA表达与进展期胃癌患者含替吉奥方案的化疗临床预后的关系。方法经病理学确诊的进展期胃癌患者40例，化疗前抽取外周血采用RT-PCR法检测DPDmRNA及TSmRNA表达水平，给予含替吉奥的方案：替吉奥+顺铂化疗。分析DPDmRNA及TSmRNA表达与进展期胃癌患者含替吉奥方案的化疗临床预后的关系。结果40例进展期胃癌患者中，至随访结束，40例患者中位OS为13.5个月，其中DPD低表达者为17个月， DPD高表达者为10个月，差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=4.059，P=0.044)。TS低表达者为17个月，TS高表达者为10个月，差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=3.936，P=0.047)。联合分析显示，DPD低表达且TS低表达的患者表现出更长的OS (χ2=17.486，P=0.001)。结论 DPDmRNA及TSmRNA表达可单独或联合用于预测进展期胃癌患者对含替吉奥方案的预后。
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