运动对绝经后骨质疏松症影响的实验研究进展

摘要

With the fastest-aging society of China, the prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in-creases year by year, and has gradually become a serious social problem affecting the public health of older-women. The levels of estrogen in post-menopausal women drop obviously, which results in the bone micro-environment disor-der, micro-structural damage, absorption greater than osteogenesis, and ultimately forming a high turnover state of bone metabolism. Exercise therapy has been proven to have a positive effect on PMOP, but due to the disunity of diag-nostic criteria, the irregularities of treatment methods and the less objectivity of efficacy criteria, domestic and foreign researchers have not yet reached a consensus on the selection of exercise pattern, intensity and time, as well as the sub-stitutability of it with drugs. We organized the experimental study of exercise interventions in ovariectomized rats in re-cent years, analyzed the effect and underlying molecular mechanism, and then compared different influence of exer-cise pattern, intensity and time, so as to provide the mechanism and methods evidence for the exercise therapy in clini-cal prevention and treatment of PMOP.%随着我国跑步进入老龄化社会，绝经后妇女骨质疏松患病率增加已成为一个重要的公共健康问题。绝经后妇女体内雌激素急剧下降导致骨微环境紊乱，骨吸收大于骨形成，形成高转换型骨代谢。运动已被证实对其有积极的作用。但由于目前诊疗标准不统一、治疗方法不规范、疗效标准欠客观等问题，对于运动方式、强度、运动时间的选择及运动的可替代性国内外学者尚无统一的认识。笔者通过对近年来运动干预绝经后骨质疏松的实验研究的文献进行整理，分析运动防治方法的具体方式、强度与持续时间，提出尚存在的问题和今后的研究方向。