低于35岁年轻乳腺癌患者发病的危险因素分析

摘要

目的 探讨影响低于35岁乳腺癌患者发病的危险因素.方法 选取2012年7月至2017年3月成都医学院第一附属医院甲状腺乳腺外科收治的416例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象.根据年龄将患者分为<35岁组41例和≥35岁组375例.分别采取χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归方法来分析家族乳腺癌疾病史、职业等11个因素与<35岁乳腺癌患者发病的关系,以确定危险因素.结果 两组患者间的受教育水平、初潮年龄、婚姻状况、活产胎次、哺乳状况及口服避孕药比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,未婚(OR:9.789)、活产胎次≤2次(OR:9.669)、初潮年龄<14岁(OR:5.527)和未哺乳(OR:3.015)是影响<35岁乳腺癌患者发病的危险因素(P<0.05).结论 初潮年龄小、未婚、生育次数少及未哺乳均加大<35岁女性罹患乳腺癌的风险,提示从小注意饮食、产后坚持母乳喂养有助于预防乳腺癌.%Objective To explore the risk factors of breast cancer in young women under age 35. Methods A total of 416 patients with breast cancer, who admitted to Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery of the First Affiliated hospital of Chengdu Medical College from July 2012 to March 2017, were collected and divided into <35 years old group and≥35 years old group according to age, with 41 cases in<35 years old group and 375 cases in≥35 years old group. Chi-square analysis and multifactor logistic analysis were used to analyze the relationship of 11 factors includ-ing family history of breast cancer and occupation with breast cancer in women under age 35, so as to identify risk fac-tors. Results There were significant differences between the two groups in education level, menarche, marriage, the number of childbirths, breast feeding, and oral contraceptive (P<0.05). Multifactor logistic analysis showed that unmar-ried (OR:9.789), the number of childbirths≤2 (OR:9.669), menarche<14 years old (OR:5.527), and not breastfeeding (OR:3.015) were the risk factors of patients with breast cancer in women under age 35. Conclusion Early menarche, unmarried, few childbirths, and not breastfeeding, all can increase the risk of breast cancer in women under age 35, which suggest that childhood attention to diet, postpartum adherence to breastfeeding can help prevent breast cancer.