食线虫担子菌对线虫的作用效果

摘要

Aiming to screen new nematophagous basidiomycetes and clarify modes of actions on nematode so as to improve the nematophagous fungi biocontrol ability. 54 strains of basidiomycetes were collected in Guiyang area and acquired to pure culture on the plate of Petri dish. The effects and acting modes of their mycelium to nematode, taking Panagrellus redivivus as the target, were tested. The results showed that 19 strains could kill nematodes with death rate above 80% after treating for 48 h, in which, four strains ( Coprinus comatus , Stropharia rugosoannulata , wild Pleurotus ostreatus and Sclerotium rolfsii) with nematode mortality of 100%. Modes of actions on nemaotode included toxin knob poisoning and parasitizing, acanthocytes decomposing, causing malformation and parasitizing, hyphae trapping and decomposing with metabolite.%为筛选新的食线虫担子菌,了解食线虫担子菌对线虫的作用方式,以提高食线虫真菌生防能力,收集贵阳地区担子菌,在平板上获得纯培养54株担子菌,以Panagrellus redivivus为靶标进行了初步杀线虫效果的测定和作用线虫方式的观察.结果表明,处理线虫48 h,线虫死亡率在80%以上的菌株19株,其中,有4株(毛头鬼伞、大球盖菇、粗皮侧耳野生株和齐整小核菌)的死亡率达100%;担子菌菌丝作用线虫的方式有毒素球毒杀兼寄生、星状体降解虫体、毒杀兼寄生、菌丝束缚和代谢物降解虫体.