植物分子育种技术在改良木薯种质方面的应用

摘要

木薯是热带、亚热带地区的重要粮食作物和经济作物.培育出生产性状更加优良的木薯品种,是推进木薯产业更快更好发展的重要基础.分子育种技术在培育优良木薯品种方面具有传统育种技术不可比拟的优势.该文介绍了近年来在提高植物抗寒性与病虫害抗性、降低氰苷含量、提高淀粉含量及组成、改变储存物种类、防止木薯收获后变质等方面的研究进展,以便在这些研究进展的基础上,利用植物分子育种技术加快获得具有抗逆能力提高、品质改良、产量增加、耐储藏等优良特性的木薯新品种.%Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important food and economic crop in tropical and subtropical areas. Breeding elite cassava cultivars is the most important foundation of cassava industry. Plant molecular breeding has obvious advantages compared to the traditional breeding. The advances in application of molecular approaches to improve cold tolerance,pest, pathogen and herbicide resistance, reduce cyanogens level, improve starch content, change storage composition,and alleviate post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) in cassava were discussed to promote the cultivation of elite cassava cultivars with stress-resistant increased, quality, production and storage tolerance improved characteristics.