柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地的对比研究

摘要

为探索柊叶和象草在人工湿地中的应用及其净化机理,该研究以柊叶和象草为人工湿地植物分别构建了波式潜流人工湿地系统,分析了柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地对生活污水中CODcr、TN和TP的净化效果,观察了柊叶和象草两种植物在不同季节的生长状况.结果表明:经过15个月的连续运行,在表面水力负荷约0.3 m·d-1的条件下,柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地平均去除率是CODcr分别为66.1%和70.1%,TN分别为60.4%和63.7%,TP分别为74.1%和75.1%.两种植物生长良好,根系发达,象草的地上生物量是柊叶的2.1倍,地下生物量相当;冬季象草生长缓慢,柊叶部分叶片的四周干枯,但二者都不会枯亡.这说明两个人工湿地对CODcr、TN和TP都具有较好的去除效果,但无显著性差异,柊叶和象草能明显提高潜流人工湿地的净化效果.%By building wavy subsurface flow constructed wetland with Phrynium capitatum and Pennisetum purpureum as artificial wetland plant,we studied the growth characteristics of Phrynium capitatum and Pennisetum purpureum,the pur-ification effects of CODcr,total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in domestic sewage by wavy subsurface flow constructed wetland.The results after fifteen months of continuous running showed that under a condition of hydraulic surface loading for around 0.3 m·d-1,the average removal rate of them were 66.1% and 70.1%(CODcr),60.4% and 63.7%(TN),74.1%and 75.1%(TP).Both plants grew well,the roots were well developed,the aboveground biomass of P.purpureum was 2.1 of Phrynium capitatum,and the underground biomass was quite the same.The growth of P.pur-pureum was slow in the winter,and the part of leaves were dry around with Phrynium capitatum,but they would not wither in winter.The results showed that they had a good purification effect on CODcr,TN and TP without significant difference.Phrynium capitatum and Pennisetum purpureum can significantly improve the purification effect of subsurface flow constructed wetland.