Objective To investigate and compare the clinical value of spiral CT and chest X-ray for the diagnosis of pediatric tracheal foreign body. Methods The imaging data of spiral CT and chest X-ray of 135 children with tracheal foreign body were retrospectively analyzed in the period from January 2009 to May 2011 in our hospital and the coincidence rate of clinical diagnosis of both ways were compared. Results The coincidence rate of clinical diagnosis of spiral CT group was 100%(131/131) including directly prompted (126/135) and indirectly prompted (9/135); The coincidence rate of clinical diagnosis of chest X-ray group was 83.0%(112/131) including directly prompted (41/135) and indirectly prompted (71/135); The coincidence rate of clinical diagnosis of pediatric tracheal foreign body of spiral CT group was significantly higher than chest X-ray group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with chest X-ray, spiral CT obtain higher coincidence rate of clinical diagnosis of pediatric tracheal foreign body, and can be used as the preferred imaging diagnostic methods.% 目的探讨并比较螺旋 CT 与胸部 X 线检查诊断小儿气管异物临床价值.方法回顾性我院2009年1月至2011年5月经临床纤维支气管镜确诊为气管异物患儿135例螺旋 CT 及胸部 X 线影像学资料，比较患儿两种影像学检查方式临床诊断符合率.结果螺旋 CT 组患者中诊断与纤维支气管镜符合135例，临床诊断符合率为100.0%，其中直接提示气管异物126例，占总数93.3%，间接提示气管异物9例，占总数6.7%；胸部 X 线组患者中诊断与纤维支气管镜符合112例，临床诊断符合率为83.0%，其中直接提示气管异物41例，占总数30.4%，间接提示气管异物71例，占总数52.6%；螺旋 CT 组患者小儿支气管异物临床诊断符合率明显高于胸部 X 线组，组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论与胸部 X 线相比，螺旋 CT 诊断小儿气管异物临床符合率高，可作为首选影像学诊断方法.
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