目的观察探讨小儿气管异物的误诊原因并总结小儿气管异物的应急处理措施，总结其临床诊断和处理经验。方法选取我院2010年5月至2012年5月术前误诊为小儿气管异物的患儿11例，对其临床诊断及处理资料进行回顾性分析。结果11例患儿误诊为淋巴瘤有1例，食管异物有1例，支气管囊肿有2例，支气管炎有2例，肺炎有5例；经常规治疗无效后，再经X线胸片或胸部螺旋CT、病理血液检验、支气管镜诊断为小儿气管异物，采取紧急气管镜检查加异物取出术处理，11例患儿术后并无1例出现并发症，皆治愈出院。结论小儿气管异物与多种支气管及肺部疾病临床表现相似，容易发生误诊，应在临床诊断中，注意避免各项误诊原因，提高对小儿气管异物的认识和各项辅助检查的辨别，对疑似小儿气管异物的患儿应尽早行气管镜下异物取出术处理，保证小儿生命安全，具有重要的临床意义。%Objective To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis of children with foreign bodies in the trachea and emergency treatment measures are summarized in children with tracheal foreign body, summarize the clinical diagnosis and treatment experience. Methods Selected in our hospital from 2010 May to 2012 May were misdiagnosed as children with tracheal foreign body were 11 cases, and reviewed the clinical diagnosis and treatment information. Results 11 cases were misdiagnosed as lymphoma in children with 1 cases of esophageal foreign body, 1 cases of bronchogenic cyst, 2 cases, 2 cases of bronchitis, pneumonia in 5 cases;conventional treatment is invalid, then by chest X-ray or chest spiral CT, pathology, blood tests, bronchoscopy in the diagnosis for children with tracheal foreign body, take emergency bronchoscopy with foreign body removal treatment, 11 cases of postoperative no complications occurred in 1 cases, all were cured. Conclusion Children with tracheal foreign body with a variety of bronchial and lung diseases with similar clinical features, prone to misdiagnosis, should be in clinical diagnosis, to avoid misdiagnosis of the discrimination, improve understanding and the auxiliary examination in children with tracheal foreign body, suspected of children with tracheal foreign body in children should be done as early as possible under bronchoscopy surgery treatment, guarantee children's life security, has the vital clinical signiifcance.
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