离子液体是一类由有机阳离子与无机或有机阴离子构成的在室温或近室温下呈现液态的熔盐体系。由于离子液体具有凝固点低、热稳定性高、非挥发性、液态温度范围宽、黏度低、密度大、化学稳定性高、热容大及储能密度高等特点，常规溶剂，如有机溶剂、聚合物和非离子表面活性剂等，是分子溶剂，而离子液体是离子溶剂，这是离子液体作为溶剂区别于常规溶剂的典型结构特征。这一特征导致离子液体相对于常规分子溶剂具有一些特殊的性质。本文将对聚离子液体的合成及功能材料的应用进行研究。%The lonic liquid is a kind of liquid molten salt system composed by organic cations and inorganic or organic anion at room temperature or near room temperature. Due to ionic liquids with low freezing point, high thermal stability, non-volatile, wide liquid temperature range, low viscosity, high density, chemical stability, large heat capacity and high energy storage density, conventional solvent, such as organic solvent, polymer and non-ionic surface active agent, etc. , is a molecular solvent, and ionic liquid is ions solvent, this is the typical structure feature of the ionic liquid as solvent know form the conventional solvent. This feature leads to relative to the conventional molecular solvent, ionic liquid has some special properties. The synthesis of ionic liquids and the application of functional materials were studied.
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