以稻壳为原料制备两种不同温度(350 ℃、 550 ℃)生物炭, 并对其理化特性进行表征, 结果表明: 550 ℃下制备的稻壳炭中C元素和灰分含量高于350 ℃稻壳炭, 而氢、氮、氧元素含量较低, H/C和(N+O)/C值均低于350 ℃稻壳炭, 说明较高温度下制备的生物炭碳化较为完全, 芳香化程度较高、极性较低.稻壳生物炭具有丰富的管状结构和孔状结构, 生物炭表面含有丰富的官能团如羟基、羧基、醚键、酯羰基等, 较低温度下制备的生物炭中醚键基团和脂肪族物质较多, 较高温度下制备的稻壳炭芳香性较强, 含酯羰基基团较多.%Biochars were prepared by using rice husk under the limited oxygen cracking condition and the different pyrolysis temperatures including 350℃ and 500℃. Several technologies were utilized to analyze the physical or chemical characteristics of biochars. The results showed that the carbon content and ash contents of biochar obtained under 500 ℃were higher than that of 350 ℃, while the content of O, H, N and the ratio of H/C和( N+O)/C were lower. These suggested that the biochar pyrolysis under higher-temperature was carbonized more efficiently and exhibited more aromaticity but lower polarity. The results of SEM showed that the biochars had rich pore structure. The DRIFTS results exhibited that hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether, ester carbony and other functional groups all can be found on the surface of the rice husk-derived biochar. Biochars obtained under lower temperature (350 ℃) possessed more less aliphatic matter and the ether bonds, while the higher temperature biochars (550 ℃) had aromatic compounds.
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