酶联免疫吸附试验与流式细胞术检测血小板自身抗体的比较

摘要

目的：比较酶联免疫吸附试验（ ELISA）与流式细胞术（ FCM）检测血小板自身抗体的特点，探讨其对特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ ITP）的诊断意义。方法42例ITP患者，分别采用FCM和ELISA检测血小板表面及血浆中的抗血小板自身抗体。结果 FCM检出血小板自身抗体阳性36例，阳性率为85．7％；ELISA检出血小板自身抗体阳性30例，阳性率为71．4％，两种方法阳性率差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05），但是FCM和ELISA检测血小板表面抗体阳性率均高于血浆中自身抗体阳性率（ P均＜0．05）。结论 FCM和ELISA检测结果均准确可靠，且各具特征。 FCM具有快速、方便的特点更适合初筛使用，与ELISA联合检测可提高ITP诊断水平。%Objective To compare the charateristics of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and flow cytometry ( FCM ) in detection of platelet autoantibodies , and to study the diagnostic significance of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ( ITP) .Methods The platelet autoantibodies in platelet memberane and seurm of 42 ITP patients were detected by ELISA and FCM .respectively .Results The result of FCM showed that 36 cases of platelet autoantibody positive ,with a positive rate of 85 .7%.The result of ELISA showed that 30 cases of platelet autoantibody positive ,with a positive rate of 71 .4%.There was no significant difference in positive rate between the two methods ( P>0 .05 ) .However ,the positive rate of the platelet membrance antibody detected by FCM or ELISA method was higher than that of serum ( P<0.05) .Conclusion The results of FCM and ELISA are reliable and precise .FCM is a rapid and sensitive method for screening ,which can improve the diagnosis level of ITP in combination with ELISA .