养老机构老年人的主观幸福感及其影响因素

摘要

目的 了解养老机构老年人的主观幸福感(SWB),并分析其影响因素.方法 选择125名养老机构的老年人,采用纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(MUNSH)及一般资料调查表进行调查,分析养老机构老年人SWB及其影响因素.结果 125名老年人SWB得分为12~44(28.41±7.44)分,其中SWB高水平者29例(23.2%),中等水平者90例(72.0%),低水平者6例(4.8%).多因素分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、兴趣爱好、个人收入水平、患慢性病数目是养老机构老年人SWB的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 养老机构老年人SWB处于中等水平,提高养老机构老年人的SWB需充分考虑多种因素的影响.%Objective To explore the situation of subjective well-being(SWB) of the elderly in the pension institutions,and to analyze the influencing factors of SWB.Methods A survey was conducted among 125 elderly in the pension institutions by using the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH) and a general data questionnaire,and the situation of SWB and its influencing factors of the elderly in the pension institutions were analyzed.Results The scores of SWB of the 125 elderly ranged 12 to 44(average,28.41 ±7.44),among which 29 (23.2%) were in a high level,90(72.0%) in a moderate level,and 6(4.8%) in a low level.The result of multivariate analysis showed that age,marital status,hobbies,personal income and the number of chronic diseases suffering were the main influencing factors of SWB among the elderly in the pension institutions(P<0.05).Conclusion SWB of the elderly in the pension institutions is in a moderate level.It is necessary to take the influence of various factors into account to improve the SWB of the elderly in the pension institutions.