'被发明的传统': 现代土家族摆手舞的文化透视

摘要

The waving dance is one of the most characteristic traditional dances of the Tujia nationali-ty.Perceiving the modern Tujia waving dance from the angle of "the invented tradition", the evolutionary trajectory of the waving dance in history and its profound social roots and cultural connotation are better dis-played.The sacrificial characteristic of waving dance itself is the internal factor that it is invented .The frac-ture of the social development and the enhancement of cultural and economic interaction in modern Chinese society are the external factors that waving dance is rejuvenated .The "invented" modern Tujia waving dance just borrows a series of cultural elements of ancient waving dance essentially , rather than comprehen-sively copy features of traditional waving dance .It reflects the Tujia ' s individual subjectivity and self -con-sciousness and becomes a public cultural product shared by many ethnic groups .%摆手舞是湘鄂渝黔地区土家族最具民族特色的传统舞蹈之一. 从 "被发明的传统" 的视角透视现代土家族摆手舞, 更能展现出摆手舞的历史演变轨迹及其深刻的社会根源和文化内涵. 摆手舞自身的祭祀特点是其得以被发明的内在因素. 中国社会发展的断裂性及其现代社会中文化与经济互动的增强是摆手舞在现代社会里得以复兴的外在因素. "被发明" 的现代土家族摆手舞, 本质上只是借用了古代摆手舞中的一系列文化要素, 而非按照传统的摆手舞特点进行全面的复制和照搬, 体现了土家族个体的主体性和自我意识, 成为多个民族共享的公共文化产品.