针灸治疗脑卒中后认知障碍研究进展

摘要

认知障碍是脑卒中患者常见并发症，导致患者日常生活能力、社会适应能力、生活质量明显下降，并且严重影响患者躯体、行为和情绪等康复，目前西药治疗效果不突出。中医认为本病病位在脑，病性为本虚标实，病机为髓减脑消，病理因素主要痰瘀蒙蔽脑窍，窍闭神匿，神失所用。针灸治疗中风后认知功能障碍临床已取得客观疗效，针刺治疗的具体方法包括体针法、醒脑开窍针刺法、头针法、项针、电针、眼针等。临床中多种针灸方法联合，或与药物、认知功能训练等结合使用，可延缓病情进展、明显改善患者生存质量。临床上认知测验是识别和诊断认知障碍的重要工具。%Cognitive impairment as a common complication of stroke, could lead to the decrease of daily life ability, social adaptation ability and life quality of patients and influence the recovery of physical, behavior and emotion, while the therapeutic effect of western medicine in treatment of cognitive impairment after stroke was not significant Traditional Chinese medicine hold that the disease location of this disease was in the brain. The character of the disease was deficient in origin and asthenia in superficiality, and the pathogenesis was encephala reducing. The pathological factors of this disease included phlegm-stasis, phlegm-stasis beclouded in brain and lead to spirit hidden and out of run. Treating cognitive impairment after stroke with acupuncture and moxibustion had achieved objective curative effect. The acupuncture therapy included body acupuncture therapy, acupuncture therapy of restoring consciousness, scalp acupuncture therapy, nape acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, eye acupuncture and so on. A variety of ac-upuncture and moxibustion therapy combined with medicines and cognitive function training could delay progression of disease and improve the life quality of patients. Cognitive test was the most important tools for the identification and diagnosis of cognitive impairment in clinic.