浅析唐代以前脾主运化理论在养生中的体现

摘要

As the spleen is the postnatal base of live, TCM practitioners from generation to genera-tion have attached great importance to the health of spleen. However, each period has its own characteris-tics. Before Tang Dynasty, the concept of spleen governing transportation and transformation could be found in such TCM classics as Huangdi’ s Internal Classic, Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases and Zhongzang jing. During this period, adequate literature on alchemy such as Hanshisan and medical prescriptions were available due to the prevalence of taoism and immortal culture. The recording of spleen health, on the other hand, were scattered in the immortal and alchemy books. In Sui and Tang Dynasties, people began to pay attention to spleen and stomach health. Sun Simiao further explored the health of spleen and stomach in his works:Valuable Prescriptions for Emergency ( Food Treatment) , supplement to Valuable Prescriptions ( Cultivation) ,supplement to Valuable prescriptions Retreat,and Sunzhenren Shesh-eng Theory. This paper aims at collecting and analyzing the spleen health from the perspective of life culti-vation theories and methods.%脾者为后天之本，古人非常重视脾的养生，然而各个时期又有其自己的特点。唐代以前的关于脾主运化的养生观点主要体现在《黄帝内经》、《伤寒杂病论》、《中藏经》等医学典籍中。同时唐以前道教神仙文化颇流行，金丹之类如寒食散类药物及医方盛行，文献亦多。而其关于脾的养生亦是散见于神仙方术之书中。隋唐时期受“唐主土德”思想影响开始关注脾胃养生，孙思邈在其著述中《备急千金要方·食治》与《备急千金翼方·养性》、《备急千金翼方·退居》、《孙真人摄养论》对此的探讨较多。本文从养生理论以及养生方法两个方面进行了收集与整理，对中医养生的特点进行了阐述。