重庆市青木关地下河流域岩溶水脆弱性评价的 COPK 模型

摘要

Modeling groundwater vulnerability to pollution is critical for implementing programs to protect groundwater quality.Most groundwater vulnerability modeling was based on the current hydrogeology,however, climate change will also affect the vulnerability in karst area.In this research,writers chose the COPK model,which was added the recharge model PI as a model development to assess the groundwater vulnerability and the effect of the rainfall from 2008 to 2012 on vulnerability assessment.The vulnerability assessment was verified using the concentration of Cl -,NO -3 and SO 4 in Jiangjia Spring.It showed that the high vulnerable areas are in sinkhole with their surrounding 100 m area.The rainfall in basin has an obvious effect on the vulnerability,with the rainfall and extreme rainfall times increasing ,the high vulnerable area enlarge at the same time.%岩溶地下水脆弱性评价对于保护岩溶地下水水质具有至关重要的作用，目前很多的地下水脆弱性评价模型是以现有的水文地质为基础，然而气候变化对岩溶地下水的脆弱性也产生一定的影响。本文利用 COPK 模型评价2008～2012年降水变化条件下重庆青木关流域岩溶地下水的脆弱性及变化。结果表明，流域地下水脆弱性高的地区主要分布在洼地槽谷地区；流域降水变化对其脆弱性产生明显影响，降水量和极端降雨事件的增加使得岩溶地下水脆弱性高的面积增大。