土壤有机碳库是全球碳循环的重要组成部分,其积累和分解的变化直接影响全球的碳平衡.果园是我国重要的土地利用类型之一,果园面积占我国土地总面积的1.15％.因此,研究果园土壤有机碳的固定过程,对于准确评估我国陆地生态系统的固碳潜力具有重要的科学意义.综述了果园土壤活性有机碳和稳定性有机碳及其不同组分的分离、含量和分配比例的变化,并从气候因子、土壤理化性质、施肥、耕作、地表覆盖、踩踏干扰等因素以及人类干扰活动等方面具体阐述这些因素变化对果园土壤有机碳组分产生的影响,提出果园生态系统土壤有机碳研究存在的问题和今后重点发展方向,并对未来果园生态系统土壤有机碳库研究工作做了进一步的展望.%Soil organic carbon is an important component of the global carbon cycle, and it has direct effects on the global carbon balance. Orchard is an important part of the land use pattern, the area of which accounted for 1. 15% of the total land area in China. The research on soil organic carbon sequestration in orchards is an important scientific basis to accurately evaluate carbon sequestration potential of terrestrial ecosystems. This paper reviews the research results on the soil labile and stabile organic carbon, with the focus on the dynamics of their fractions in separation, content and allocation proportion under different land use type. Effects of climatic factors, soil texture, fertilizer, farming, surface cover and human trampling on soil organic carbon pool are analyzed, respectively. Finally, this summary highlights existing problems of soil organic carbon stock on orchard ecosystem and suggests future directions for progress together with some future topics for research.
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