释放胡瓜新小绥螨对温室作物烟粉虱垂直分布和种群数量的影响

摘要

通过释放商业化生产的胡瓜新小绥螨和喷施化学农药2种方法防治温室茄子,黄瓜和豆角上的烟粉虱,比较2种防治方法对烟粉虱垂直分布规律和种群数量动态的影响.结果表明:化防棚烟粉虱大多数聚集在茄株中下部,生防棚的烟粉虱则均匀地分散分布在茄株上,化学防治仅能防治茄株上部烟粉虱的成虫和若虫,而释放到大棚茄子上的胡瓜新小绥螨却能够捕食茄株上、中,下部处于各个虫态的烟粉虱.胡瓜新小绥螨对茄株下部的烟粉虱成虫数量的控制,显著超过化学防治的水平,证明使用天敌的生物防治害虫显著优于使用农药的化学防治.%The commercially available predatory mites, Neoseiulus cucumeris, were released along with pesticide spray to control Bemisia tabaci on eggplants in a greenhouse test. The experimentation was designed to compare the effect of the two pest control methods on the vertical distribution and population of B. tabaci. The results showed that an aggregated distribution of the whitefly population in the middle and at the bottom parts of the eggplant plants was observed when the chemical control method was applied, but an evenly dispersed insect distribution was seen when the biocontrol was implemented. Pesticide could only control the whitefly nymphs and adults at the top part of the eggplants. On the other hand, N. cucumeris would apparently attack the insects throughout the entire plant, especially the adults in the area near the bottom part of the plant. The result could be taken as another reason to promote the biological, instead of chemical, pest control measures in agricultural practices.