施氮量对福建杂交早稻干物质积累转运及产量的影响

摘要

对福建杂交早稻金优2155和T78优2155进行施氮量试验。结果显示，在较高土壤肥力条件下，金优2155和T78优2155在施氮150 kg · hm-2有利于提高2个品种的有效穗、产量、叶片干物质量、茎鞘干物质量、干物质转运量、干物质转运率、转运干物质对籽粒贡献率；金优2155的每穗粒数、穗长、株高、千粒重、穗干物质量、花后干物质累积量随施氮量增加呈先增后减的抛物线变化趋势，而T78优2155的结实率变化趋势与之相反；T78优2155的每穗粒数、穗长、株高随施氮量的增加而增加，而金优2155的结实率、干物质累积量和T78优2155的千粒重变化趋势与之相反；T78优2155的干物质累积量抽穗期和成熟期随施氮量增加表现出不同的变化趋势；抽穗期和成熟期干物质累积量与有效穗和产量关系密切。%Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on early hybrid rices ,Jinyou 2155 and T78 You 2155 ,in Fujian .The results indicated that ,with high soil fertility ,the nitrogen application rate of 150 kg · hm -2 could improve the usable panicles ,grain yield ,dry matters in leaves and stem-sheaths ,dry matter translocation and rate ,as well as the contribution rate of dry matter translocation to grain weight gains .The spikelets per panicle , panicle length , plant height , 1000-grain weight , spike dry matters , and dry matter accumulation after anthesis increased initially ,and followed by a decline as the nitrogen amount applied to Jinyou 2155 increased .The seed setting rate of T78 You 2155 decreased with the increased fertilization .The spikelets per panicle ,panicle length and plant height increased with increasing nitrogen applicationon T 78 You 2155. The dry matter accumulation in Jinyou 2155 and the 1000-grain weight of T78 You 2155 decreased with the increased fertilization .The dry matter accumulation at the heading and maturing stages on T 78 You 2155 showed different changing patterns with the nitrogen application . There was a close correlation found between the dry matter accumulation at both the heading and maturing stages and the usable panicles or the ultimate rice yield .