夏季高温季节微生物发酵床大栏猪舍环境参数变化动态

摘要

To clarify the feasibility of the microbial fermentation bed in the large‐scale piggery in hot summer ,the dynamic changes of the environment parameters were analyzed . The environment data of large‐scale piggery of microbial fermentation bed was collected continuously for 104 days from June 1 to September 12 ,and processed with DPS statistics software .The results showed that the average indoor temperature was 29.3℃ ,average padded lining (20 cm) temperature was 40.5℃ ,average indoor humidity was 78.0% ,average ammonia concentration was 14.4 × 10-6 ,average CO2 concentration was 955 × 10-6 .Benefit from the strong ventilation and cooling equipment ,the average indoor air temperature did not exceed 30℃ ,the average ammonia concentration was below 20 × 10-6 ,the average CO2 concentration was below the level of 1 200 × 10-6 .All the environmental parameters did not exceed limited threshold ,and met the requirements of pig growth .Therefore ,the microbial fermentation bed can be used safely and reliably for large‐scale piggery in hot summer . Whereas indoor temperature and bed inner temperature (20 cm ) was positively correlated with the correlation coefficient 0.554 0 , and the indoor temperature was negatively correlated with indoor humidity with correlation coefficient 0.433 3 . The cluster analysis of the inner air temperature changes showed that the inner air temperature in hot summer could be divided into two groups closed to outdoor temperature area ,which were high temperature zone ranged from 28 to 32℃ and low zone ranged 24 -27℃ .Indoor humidity ,outdoor temperature ,outdoor ground surface temperature ,outdoor CO2 concentration were positively correlated (0.54* ,0.54* ,0.46* ,0.44* ,0.52* ) .%为阐明微生物发酵床大栏猪舍的度夏问题，研究分析了猪舍环境参数在夏季高温季节的动态变化。通过自动观测系统连续采集2014年6月1日至9月12日共104 d的猪舍室内外环境数据，结果表明：室内平均温度29.3℃，垫料内层（20 cm ）平均温度40.5℃，室内平均湿度78.0％，平均氨气体积分数14.4×10－6，平均二氧化碳体积分数955×10－6。由于猪舍通风能力强，辅以降温设备，室内空气平均温度不超过30℃，平均氨气体积分数小于20×10－6，平均二氧化碳体积分数小于1200×10－6，均低于猪舍限定阈值，符合生猪生长要求，从而解决了发酵床养猪的度夏问题。室内温度与垫料内层（20 cm ）温度呈显著正相关，相关系数为0.5540，室内温度与室内湿度呈显著负相关，相关系数为－0.4333。夏季猪舍内温区可分为2类，第1类为高温区，温度范围为28～32℃，第2类为中温区，温度范围为24～27℃，舍外温区划分与之相似。猪舍室内、外环境相关系数分析表明，室内平均温度与室外二氧化碳呈负相关（－0.42），室内相对湿度与室外温度（平均、最高、最低）、室外地表温度、室外二氧化碳呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.54*、0.54*、0.46*、0.44*、0.52*。