跨国公司对外部创新资源的获取策略——基于国际领先电力企业的案例研究

摘要

跨国公司普遍将获取外部创新资源作为推动技术创新的重要战略手段,注重在整体谋划基础上有策略地获取利用外部知识和技术.本文以电力行业的3家国际领先跨国公司为对象,对跨国公司如何获取外部创新资源的问题进行了案例研究,主要获得4个方面的发现:一是在合作对象选择上,特别重视与学术机构开展研究合作,并重视从创新网络中识别和选择合作伙伴；二是在合作方式选取上,针对产业伙伴与学术机构采取不同的合作方式；三是在国际化资源获取上,主要依靠子公司或设立研发中心等3种途径向全球范围延伸获取创新资源；四是在合作风险控制上,分别采取了合适的措施控制知识整合、合作参与、知识产权等关键风险.%Multinational corporations generally take acquiring external innovation resources as an important strategy to promote technology innovation. This paper studies three leading electricity corporations on how they acquire external innovation resources. The results include: These corporations are apt to identify and select partners from innovation network, and emphasize cooperation with academic institutions; They take varied ways to cooperate with different partners; They gain international innovation resources mainly by three kinds of ways, such as subsidiaries or set up R&D center to cooperate with local technology partners; These electricity corporations take appropriate measures to control three key risks, including external knowledge integration, cooperation participation and intellectu-al property rights.