茶籽象危害与不同品种油茶果实物理性状的关系

摘要

[Objective] To study the relationship between Curculio chinensis damage and the physical characteristics of cones among Camellia oleifera varieties.[Method] The damage rate of cones among Camellia oleifera varieties planted under same conditions caused by Curculio chinensis were investigated,and the resistance ability against Cur culio chinensis was evaluated through cluster analysis.The physical characteristics of cones,including weight,skin thickness and fruit size,were measured.The correlation between damage rate of Curculio chinensis and physical characteristics of Camellia oleifera cones were analyzed.[Result] The result showed that the damage rate caused by Curculio chinensis ranged between 12.04％ and 49.7％,which was different significantly among 11 Camellia oleif era varieties.13.23％-91.83％ of the drop-fruits were caused by Curculio chinensis damage,which was the main factors causing fruit drop.The resistance against Curculio chinensis of the 11 Camellia oleifera varieties could be divided into three groups,i.e.high resistance,medium resistance and low resistance,and the damage rate were different significantly among the three groups.The resistance rate of the high resistance group was 82.23％ ± 5％ and that of the low resistance group was 52.47％ ±6％.The damage of Curculio chinensis was closely related to fruit weight,skin thickness and fruit size,and the heavier the fruit,the thinner the skin,and the larger the cone diameter,the more serious the damage.[Conclusion] Oviposition choice of adult Curculio chinensis was closely related with the physical characteristics of Camellia oleifera cones,and the physical characteristics of cones should be concerned in variety selection of Camellia oleifera.%[目的]揭示茶籽象危害与不同品种油茶果实物理性状间的关系,揭示不同品种油茶的物理特性对茶籽象寄主选择的影响.[方法]调查茶籽象对相同种植条件下的不同油茶品种的危害情况,通过聚类分析评价抗虫性,同时测定茶果质量、果皮厚度及果实大小等物理性状,分析两者间的关系.[结果]茶籽象对不同油茶品种的危害率存在显著差异,危害率在12.4％～49.7％之间,而落果中茶籽象的危害率在13.23％～91.83％之间,茶籽象是造成落果的主要因素.1 1个油茶品种分为抗性较高、抗性中等、抗性较差3个类群,3个类群的油茶品种受害率存在极显著性差异(P＜0.01),抗性较高类群平均抗虫率达82.23％±5.00％,而抗性较差类群仅为52.47％±6.00％ 茶籽象危害与茶果质量、果皮厚度及果实大小密切相关,茶果质量越大、越薄,果径越大,危害越严重.[结论]茶果质量越大,越薄,果径越大,受到茶籽象的危害越大.选育抗性品种是控制茶籽象危害的重要手段.