板栗枝条对黑木耳产量和营养成分含量的影响

摘要

Auricularia auricula‐judae is widely cultivated in China .Hardwood sawdust has become difficult to ob‐tain .During pruning process ,large amounts of Castanea mollissima waste branches are generated in China per year .In this research the effect of C .mollissima waste branch on yield ,biological efficiency (BE) ,and nutritional component content of A .auricula‐judae was investigated .Five different proportions of C .mollissima waste branch and hardwood sawdust (0∶100 ,30∶70 ,50∶50 ,80∶20 ,and 100∶0) were mixed with wheat bran (7 .5% ) , brown sugar (1% ) ,and gypsum (1 .5% ) as medium (assigned as code T1 ,T2 ,T3 ,T4 ,and T5 ,respectively ) for A . auricula‐judae production that followed a completely randomized design with three replications .The results showed that different substrate formulae affected fruiting body yield ,BE ,and nutritional component contents signif‐icantly .The highest yield (365 .5 g per bag) and BE (47 .9% ) were observed on T2 and T3 ,respectively .The high‐est crude protein content (13 .55 % ) and total saccharide content (63 .14% ) were recorded on T1 and T5 ,respec‐tively .The highest content of crude polysaccharide (7 .01% ) ,crude fiber (6 .80% ) ,and crude fat (0 .26% ) were recorded on T3 ,T4 ,and T3 ,respectively .In this study ,we report that C .mollissima branch is used in combina‐tion with hardwood sawdust can enhance yield and BE of A .auricula‐judae .The same proportion of C .mollissima branch and hardwood sawdust mixed with 7 .5% wheat bran ,1% brown sugar ,and 1 .5% gypsum may be very ef‐fective for highest BE and higher nutritional component content of A .auricula‐judae .%黑木耳栽培所用的阔叶树木屑变得越来越紧缺。每年板栗抚育修剪会产生大量废弃枝条。调查了板栗枝条对黑木耳子实体产量、生物学效率和营养成分含量的影响。5个不同比例的板栗枝条和阔叶树木屑（0∶100、30∶70、50∶50、80∶20、100∶0）与7．5％麸皮、1％红糖、1．5％石膏混合作为黑木耳栽培基质，考查每个处理子实体产量、生物学效率和营养成分含量。随机区组三次重复，5个处理分别代号为 T1、T2、T3、T4、T5。结果表明，不同处理黑木耳产量、生物学效率和营养成分含量差异显著。T2产量最高，为365．5g／袋。T3生物学效率最大，为47．9％。粗蛋白、总糖的最高含量分别出现在T 1和T 5，分别为13．55％、63．14％。粗多糖、粗纤维、粗脂肪的最高含量则分别出现在处理T3、T4、T3，分别为7．01％、6．80％、0．26％。板栗枝条与阔叶树木屑混合使用，可提高黑木耳产量和生物学效率，等比例的板栗枝条、阔叶树木屑混以7．5％麸皮、1％红糖、1．5％石膏可使黑木耳获得最高生物学效率和最大的营养成分含量。